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LA GIOCONDA – THE MYSTERIOUS SMILE

The Louvre’s most celebrated painting, the portrait of Mona Lisa, never ceases to fascinate its visitors, while the enigmatic smile remains as famous as ever. The only information that the museum gives to the admirers is strictly related to its dimensions. The Portrait, also known as La Gioconda, was painted by the Italian painter Leonardo da Vinci between 1503-1506, it’s an oil in wood painting, and has the impressive dimensions 17 x 53 cm. A very pragmatic description, I may say! But what is Mona Lisa famous for?

The real Mona Lisa was the lovely wife of Signor Zanobio del Giocondo (from where the painting’s name: La Gioconda). Everybody knows this picture, usually considered as an example of the eternal Feminine Beauty. Is it possible that her thoughtful smile could reveal a deep knowledge of her perfection? Maybe it is. But perhaps she’s smiling only because she was the third wife of a man older than she was and because his will was making her the only heiress of his goods, so that she could be a beautiful, young and rich widow one day. Or, perhaps, this smile is owned to the fact that Leonardo wasn’t able to ‘represent’ her lips, because, despite that he was a specialist in human anatomy, painting faces were his weak point and all the time he had troubles in showing a complicated mouth he appealed to the ‘archaic smile’ of the Greek statues.

Whatever was the reason; this face drew attention in a very unusual manner since the painting wasn’t finished yet. Pietro Aretino, a fashionable writer of the 15th century, engaged himself into revealing scandals linked to this face. He insinuated that the painting served as a pretext to Leonardo to keep the beautiful lady to pose for almost four years. He also mentioned that the artist hired musicians to sing and to fill the heart of his client in order to make her fell in love with him. How true lies into these words we may never find out. But what we know for certain is that the painting would never reach the rightful owner; the portrait was bought by Francis I, the king of France, for a large sum of money. Disregarding a short period when the picture was stolen by an Italian patriot, the masterpiece had been among the main attractions of the Parisian museum.

The landscape that surrounds the portrait seems taken out from a place hardly wandered through the man. It looks like she was painted from the altitude of a castles’ balcony for certain reasons, and the setting was well chosen not only because the contrast between the softness of the lady and the hardness of the stones is obviously, but also because the coldness of the background colors matches perfectly with her smile.

The nature of the portrait had been a permanent preoccupation for many great minds of all centuries. Da Vinci’s personality made the object of a study initiated by Freud. According to this psychiatrist, the erotic relationship between the artist and the model is a pattern of his obsession gained in his childhood towards his mother who left him. If we count on all details that the Freudian psychoanalysis provides us, we will discover in the portrait several clues that makes it more mysterious. Freud claims that Leonardo found the smile of his natural mother on the lips of a Florentine merchant’s wife, who ordered the portrait of his gracious lady. This is the smile that reunites the lost time of the complete love between mother and child and the belief that this love can be substituted by a smile. The lips are brought together into a sad, cold, painful and mysterious smile of a mother who is forced to give her child away. The picture was never given back to the merchant because Leonardo fell in love with this regained memory and he wasn’t able to separate himself from it. From now on, all of the artist’s feminine figures would have the Gioconda’s smile, initiating the phenomena named by the critics ‘leonardesc’.

‘ For almost four centuries Mona Lisa does not cease to propose her undecipherable and thrilling enigma to be solve by the admirers that crowed themselves in front of her’. Considered himself the owner of the key that resolves this mystery, Freud sees in Mona Lisa the tenderness, the beauty and all the mystics of a soul that provides us its image but not its essence. Concluding, he quotes Pater, who asserted: ‘Gioconda is the incarnation of an entire love experience of human civilization’.
Swathed in mystery behind her window glass, The Mona Lisa, the beloved masterpiece of all masterpieces, dreams of her universal glory waiting peacefully for her visitors to come at Louvre and to admire her eternal smile.

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